Actinidia chinensis - Actinidia

Habitat

Exposition

Plein soleil ou mi-ombre

Humidité

Humidité moyenne.

Sol

Tous sols.

pH

Sol acide ou calcaire

Rusticité

Zone 7

Habitat originel

Thickets and oak forests on slopes or in ravines, 200 - 2300 metres[109, 198].

Origine géographique

Asie orientale - Chine

Comestibilité

• Fruits - crus ou cuits .
• A delicious flavour .
• The fruit is up to 3cm across [198].
• Fresh fruits contain 100 - 420mg vitamin C per 100g and 8 - 14% carbohydrate [218].
• Acidity is 1 - 2%, mainly citric acid [218].
• The fruit contains a number of small seeds, but these are easily eaten with the fruit [K].
• The leaves are eaten cooked in times of need as a famine food [179].

Usages médicinaux

• The fruits, stems and roots are diuretic, febrifuge and sedative [147].
• They are used in the treatment of stones in the urinary tract, rheumatoid arthralgia, cancers of the liver and oesophagus [147].
• A decoction of the leaves is used to treat mange in dogs [218].
• The stem-juice is used in the treatment of gravel [218].

Autres usages

• Paper is made from the bark [178].
• If the bark is removed in one piece from near the root and placed in hot ashes, it becomes very hard and can be used as a tube for a pencil [178].
• The plant is said to have insecticidal properties (no more details) [218].

Culture

• Prefers a sound loamy neutral soil [1, 200].
• Succeeds in semi-shade but full sun is best for fruit production [200].
• Prefers a sheltered position [200].
• The dormant plant is hardy to about -15°c[184], though new growth in spring is very susceptible to frost damage [11].
• This species is the parent of the cultivated Kiwi fruits, these cultivars are now included under the name A. deliciosa [200].
• Fruits are formed on second year wood and also on fruit spurs on older wood[126], any pruning is best carried out in the winter [219].
• The flowers are sweetly scented [245].
• This is a climbing plant, supporting itself by twining around branches etc [200].
• The ssp .
• A. chinensis setosa.(newly named, no author as yet) is found in Taiwan from 1300 - 2600m [198].
• Les plantes de ce genre sont notamment résistantes aux armillaires (champignons) [200].
• Dioïque .
• Vous devez planter des plants males et femelles si vous souhaitez obtenir des graines .

Propagation

• Graines - semez au printemps sous serre [133].
• It is probably best if the seed is given 3 months stratification[113], either sow it in a cold frame as soon as it is ripe in November or as soon as it is received .
• Fresh seed germinates in 2 - 3 months at 10°c, stored seed can take longer [133].
• When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in light shade in the greenhouse for at least their first winter .
• When the plants are 30cm or more tall, plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts [K].
• Most seedlings are male [126].
• The seedlings are subject to damping off, they must be kept well ventilated [113].
• Cuttings of softwood as soon as ready in spring in a frame [K].
• Boutures de bois mi-mûr, Juillet/Août sous chassis .
• Very high percentage [113].
• Cuttings of ripe wood, October/November in a frame .