Actinidia callosa
Famille: Actinidiaceae, Genre: Actinidia
Liane à feuilles caduques (9m de haut).
Habitat
- Exposition
- Plein soleil ou mi-ombre
- Humidité
- Humidité moyenne.
- Sol
- Tous sols.
- pH
- Sol acide ou calcaire
- Rusticité
- Zone 7
- Habitat originel
- Forests and shrubberies to 3000 metres in the Himalayas[51, 198].
- Origine géographique
- E. Asia - Himalayas to W. China.
Comestibilité
- Fruits - crus ou cuits [272].
- A very delicate flavour [2, 51, 105, 146, 177].
- An acid flavour [183].
- The fruit can be dried [183].
- Fruits are 18 - 25mm long [219].
- They contain a number of small seeds, but these are easily eaten with the fruit [K].
Culture
- Prefers a sound loamy neutral soil [1, 200].
- Succeeds in semi-shade but full sun is best for fruit production [200].
- Prefers a sheltered position [200].
- Plants are not fully hardy in much of Britain [219].
- Young spring growth is susceptible to frost damage [160].
- Fruits are formed on second year wood and also on fruit spurs on older wood[126], any pruning is best carried out in the winter [219].
- This is a climbing plant, supporting itself by twining around branches etc [200].
- A very ornamental plant[146], there are some named varieties developed for their edible fruit [183].
- A polymorphic species, there are a number of sub-species [198].
- Les plantes de ce genre sont notamment résistantes aux armillaires (champignons) [200].
- Dioïque .
- Vous devez planter des plants males et femelles si vous souhaitez obtenir des graines .
Propagation
- Graines - semez au printemps sous serre [133].
- It is probably best if the seed is given 3 months stratification[113], either sow it in a cold frame as soon as it is ripe in November or as soon as it is received .
- Fresh seed germinates in 2 - 3 months at 10°c, stored seed can take longer [133].
- When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in light shade in the greenhouse for at least their first winter .
- When the plants are 30cm or more tall, plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer, after the last expected frosts [K].
- Most seedlings are male [126].
- The seedlings are subject to damping off, they must be kept well ventilated [113].
- Cuttings of softwood as soon as ready in spring in a frame [K].
- Boutures de bois mi-mûr, Juillet/Août sous chassis .
- Very high percentage [113].
- Cuttings of ripe wood, October/November in a frame .
Calendrier
- En fleur
- 6 - 7
Pollinisation
- Type de fleur
- Dioïque (les plants sont soit mâles soit femelles; les deux sont nécessaires pour obtenir des graines)
- Auto-fertile
- Non
- Pollinisateurs
- Abeilles, insectes
Divers
- Pollution
- Non
- Autres réferences
- [11, 51, 200]
Réferences
[1] RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 1951.
Comprehensive listing of species and how to grow them. Somewhat outdated, it has been replaces in 1992 by a new dictionary (see [200]).
Comprehensive listing of species and how to grow them. Somewhat outdated, it has been replaces in 1992 by a new dictionary (see [200]).
[2] Sturtevant's Edible Plants of the World. 1972.
Lots of entries, quite a lot of information in most entries and references.
Lots of entries, quite a lot of information in most entries and references.
[11] Trees and Shrubs Hardy in Great Britain. Vol 1 - 4 and Supplement. 1981.
A classic with a wealth of information on the plants, but poor on pictures.
A classic with a wealth of information on the plants, but poor on pictures.
[51] Flowers of the Himalayas. 1984.
A very readable and good pocket guide (if you have a very large pocket!) to many of the wild plants in the Himalayas. Gives many examples of plant uses.
A very readable and good pocket guide (if you have a very large pocket!) to many of the wild plants in the Himalayas. Gives many examples of plant uses.
[105] Tanaka's Cyclopaedia of Edible Plants of the World. 1976.
The most comprehensive guide to edible plants I've come across. Only the briefest entry for each species, though, and some of the entries are more than a little dubious. Not for the casual reader.
The most comprehensive guide to edible plants I've come across. Only the briefest entry for each species, though, and some of the entries are more than a little dubious. Not for the casual reader.
[113] The Reference Manual of Woody Plant Propagation. 1987.
A very detailed book on propagating trees. Not for the casual reader.
A very detailed book on propagating trees. Not for the casual reader.
[126] The Plantsman. Vol. 6. 1984 - 1985. 1984.
Excerpts from the periodical giving cultivation details and other notes on some of the useful plants including Actinidia and Wisteria species.
Excerpts from the periodical giving cultivation details and other notes on some of the useful plants including Actinidia and Wisteria species.
[133] Growing from Seed. Volume 1. 1987.
Very readable magazine with lots of information on propagation.
Very readable magazine with lots of information on propagation.
[146] A Manual of Indian Timbers. 1972.
Written last century, but still a classic, giving a lot of information on the uses and habitats of Indian trees. Not for the casual reader.
Written last century, but still a classic, giving a lot of information on the uses and habitats of Indian trees. Not for the casual reader.
[160] Wonder Crops. 1987.
Fascinating reading, this is an annual publication. Some reports do seem somewhat exaggerated though.
Fascinating reading, this is an annual publication. Some reports do seem somewhat exaggerated though.
[177] Plants for Human Consumption. 1984.
An excellent book for the dedicated. A comprehensive listing of latin names with a brief list of edible parts.
An excellent book for the dedicated. A comprehensive listing of latin names with a brief list of edible parts.
[183] Cornucopia - A Source Book of Edible Plants. 1990.
Excellent. Contains a very wide range of conventional and unconventional food plants (including tropical) and where they can be obtained (mainly N. American nurseries but also research institutes and a lot of other nurseries from around the world.
Excellent. Contains a very wide range of conventional and unconventional food plants (including tropical) and where they can be obtained (mainly N. American nurseries but also research institutes and a lot of other nurseries from around the world.
[198] Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. Volume 32. 1952.
A monograph of the genus Actinidia.
A monograph of the genus Actinidia.
[200] The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. 1992.
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
[219] Gardening on Walls 1983.
A nice little book about plants for growing against walls and a small section on plants that can grow in walls.
A nice little book about plants for growing against walls and a small section on plants that can grow in walls.
[272] Plants and People of Nepal 2002.
Excellent book, covering over 1,500 species of useful plants from Nepal together with information on the geography and peoples of Nepal. Good descriptions of the plants with terse notes on their uses.
Excellent book, covering over 1,500 species of useful plants from Nepal together with information on the geography and peoples of Nepal. Good descriptions of the plants with terse notes on their uses.
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