Achillea ptarmica - Achillée ptarmique

Famille: Compositae, Genre: Achillea
Achillé ptarmique, Achillée, Achillée des Pyrénées, Achillée sternutatoire, Bouton d'argent, Herbe à éternuer
Vivace (0.6m de haut par 0.6m de large).

Habitat

Exposition
Plein soleil
Vent
Tolère un peu de vent
Humidité
Humidité moyenne.
Sol
Tous sols. Nécessite un sol drainant. Tolère les sols pauvres.
pH
Sol acide ou calcaire
Rusticité
Zone 5
Habitat originel
Damp meadows, marshes and by streams[17].
Origine géographique
Europe, including Britain but excluding the Mediterranean, east to Siberia and W. Asia.

Comestibilité

  • Feuilles - crues ou cuites [17, 105, 177].
  • Used as a flavouring in salads [172].

Usages médicinaux

  • Cardiac, diaphoretic, digestive, emmenagogue, odontalgic, sternutatory, styptic [46, 172].
  • The leaf is chewed to relieve toothache [207].

Autres usages

  • The dried, powdered leaves are used as a sneezing powder [61, 100].
  • Yields an essential oil that is used medicinally [100].
  • The report does not say what part of the plant the oil is obtained from, it is most likely to be the leaves harvested just before flowering [K].
  • The leaves are used as an insect repellent [172].

Culture

  • Succeeds in most soils but prefers a moist well-drained soil in a sunny position [1, 187].
  • Plants also succeed in partial shade [187].
  • Plants succeed in maritime gardens [233].
  • They live longer when growing in a poor soil [200].
  • The plant has a spreading root system and can be very invasive [233].
  • Hardy to at least -25°c [187].
  • There are some named varieties, selected for their ornamental value [233].
  • S'hybride facilement avec les autres variétés du genre [200].

Propagation

  • Graines - semez au printemps ou au début de l'automne sous chassis [133].
  • Les graines germent généralement en 1-3 mois [133].
  • Quand elles sont suffisamment développées pour être manipulées, repiquez les jeunes pousses en pots individuels et plantez les en extérieur durant l'été .
  • Division au printemps ou à l'automne .
  • Très facile, les divisions peuvent être plantées directement à leur place définitive .
  • Basal cuttings of new shoots in spring .
  • Very easy, collect the shoots when they are about 10cm tall, potting them up individually in pots and keeping them in a warm but lightly shaded position .
  • They should root within 3 weeks and will be ready to plant out in the summer .

Calendrier

En fleur
6 - 10

Pollinisation

Type de fleur
Hermaphrodite (les fleurs ont des organes mâles et femelles)
Auto-fertile
Non
Pollinisateurs
Abeilles, mouches, auto-pollinisation

Divers

Pollution
Non
Autres réferences
[17, 200]

Réferences

[1] F. Chittendon. RHS Dictionary of Plants plus Supplement. 1956 1951.
Comprehensive listing of species and how to grow them. Somewhat outdated, it has been replaces in 1992 by a new dictionary (see [200]).
[17] Clapham, Tootin and Warburg. Flora of the British Isles. 1962.
A very comprehensive flora, the standard reference book but it has no pictures.
[46] Uphof. J. C. Th. Dictionary of Economic Plants. 1959.
An excellent and very comprehensive guide but it only gives very short descriptions of the uses without any details of how to utilize the plants. Not for the casual reader.
[61] Usher. G. A Dictionary of Plants Used by Man. 1974.
Forget the sexist title, this is one of the best books on the subject. Lists a very extensive range of useful plants from around the world with very brief details of the uses. Not for the casual reader.
[100] Polunin. O. Flowers of Europe - A Field Guide. 1969.
An excellent and well illustrated pocket guide for those with very large pockets. Also gives some details on plant uses.
[105] Tanaka. T. Tanaka's Cyclopaedia of Edible Plants of the World. 1976.
The most comprehensive guide to edible plants I've come across. Only the briefest entry for each species, though, and some of the entries are more than a little dubious. Not for the casual reader.
[133] Rice. G. (Editor) Growing from Seed. Volume 1. 1987.
Very readable magazine with lots of information on propagation.
[172] Schofield. J. J. Discovering Wild Plants - Alaska, W. Canada and the Northwest.
A nice guide to some useful plants in that area.
[177] Kunkel. G. Plants for Human Consumption. 1984.
An excellent book for the dedicated. A comprehensive listing of latin names with a brief list of edible parts.
[187] Phillips. R. & Rix. M. Perennials Volumes 1 and 2. 1991.
Photographs of over 3,000 species and cultivars of ornamental plants together with brief cultivation notes, details of habitat etc.
[200] Huxley. A. The New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. 1992. 1992.
Excellent and very comprehensive, though it contains a number of silly mistakes. Readable yet also very detailed.
[207] Coffey. T. The History and Folklore of North American Wild Flowers. 1993.
A nice read, lots of information on plant uses.
[233] Thomas. G. S. Perennial Garden Plants 1990.
A concise guide to a wide range of perennials. Lots of cultivation guides, very little on plant uses.

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