Abies cephalonica - Sapin de Céphalonie

Habitat

Exposition

Toutes expositions

Humidité

Humidité moyenne.

Sol

Tous sols. Tolère les sols très argileux.

pH

Non calcaire

Rusticité

Zone 5

Habitat originel

Cool wet mountainsides over 800 metres[50, 200].

Origine géographique

Europe - S. Greece to Yugoslavia and Albania.

Autres usages

• Wood - light, soft, durable .
• Used for construction, pulp, etc [61, 148].

Culture

• Prefers a good moist but not water-logged soil [1].
• Pousse bien dans les sols très argileux .
• Plants are very shade tolerant but growth is slower in dense shade [81].
• Intolerant of atmospheric pollution [1].
• Prefers slightly acid conditions down to a pH of about 5, though it also succeeds in very chalky soils [200].
• Prefers growing on a north-facing slope [200].
• This species needs careful siting because it usually comes into leaf early in the spring and the young growth can be damaged by late frosts [11, 185].
• Trees can therefore be rather slow to establish [185].
• A position sheltered from early morning sun is preferred and frost hollows should be avoided [11, K].
• Trees grow very well in Britain, and unlike most other members of this genus they succeed in southern and south-eastern England[11] though they are slow growing there .
• They are at their best in the Perthshire valleys of Scotland and the far west of Britain where growth is much faster [11, 185].
• Growth in girth can be quite fast, 2 metres in 40 years has been recorded [185].
• The species has been cultivated for timber in Italy [50].
• Trees should be planted into their permanent positions when they are quite small, between 30 and 90cm in height .
• Les arbres trop âgés se porteront mal et ne se développeront pas pendant plusieurs années .
• Cela affecte aussi dramatiquement le dévelopement des racines et la résistance au vent [200].
• Plants are strongly outbreeding, self-fertilized seed usually grows poorly [200].
• Ils s'hybrident librement avec les autres membres du genre [200].

Propagation

• Seed - sow early February in a greenhouse or outdoors in March [78].
• Germination is often poor, usually taking about 6 - 8 weeks [78].
• Stratification is said to produce a more even germination so it is probably best to sow the seed in a cold frame as soon as it is ripe in the autumn [80, 113].
• The seed remains viable for up to 5 years if it is well stored [113].
• When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on for at least their first winter in pots .
• Plantez les à leurs positions définitives à la fin du printemps ou au début de l'été, après les dernières gelées .
• Alternatively, if you have sufficient seed, it is possible to sow in an outdoor seedbed .
• One report says that it is best to grow the seedlings on in the shade at a density of about 550 plants per square metre[78] whilst another report says that they are best grown on in a sunny position [80].